Determination of the Presence and Infection Rates of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) in Bean Planting Areas in Karaman Province

Abstract

In this study, the presence and current status of some virus diseases were investigated in the production areas of Karaman province, which has an important place in terms of bean cultivation in Türkiye. In bean cultivation, many physiological and pathological factors can have negative effects on yield and quality of the crop. Virus diseases are one of the biotic diseases that are problematic in bean cultivation. In particular, some virus diseases can be transmitted by bean seeds and vector insects, which are widely found in nature, making them an important problem in bean cultivation. The investigated viruses were Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) belonging to Potyvirus genus of Potyviridae family. As a result of the surveys conducted in Karaman bean production areas, 140 leaf samples were taken from bean plants in 2023 production season. Sampled bean leaves were exhibited viral disease symptoms such as mosaic, chlorosis, deformations, wilting,  and stunting. The presence of the specified viruses in the collected samples was tested by DAS-ELISA method. As a result of the study, 20 of the samples were found to be infected with at least one of the viruses. In other words, 14.29% of the tested plant samples were found to be infected with at least one of these viruses. Of these 20 samples, 11 were infected with BCMV, 4 with BCMNV, 1 with BYMV, 3 with BCMV+BCMNV and 1 with BCMV+BYMV+BCMNV.