Arıcılarda Egzama: Nedenleri ve Risk Faktörleri

Abstract

Beekeeping is a profession that requires constant interaction with nature, involving challenging working conditions. During this process, beekeepers are exposed to various physical and chemical factors, which can lead to skin conditions, particularly dermatological issues such as eczema. Eczema is an inflammatory disease characterized by redness, itching, dryness, and blisters on the skin. Among the factors that increase the risk of eczema in beekeepers, bee products are the primary contributors. Substances such as honey, propolis, and beeswax can cause allergic reactions. Particularly, propolis, despite being a potent natural antibacterial agent, can lead to contact dermatitis in some individuals. Work conditions also play a significant role in the development of eczema. Beekeepers are often required to wear protective clothing, gloves, and suits for extended hours. Sweating and the skin remaining moist for long periods can exacerbate irritation, facilitating the development of eczema. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to hot weather and sunlight can weaken the skin barrier, increasing sensitivity. Lack of proper hygiene or incorrect hygiene practices can also elevate the risk. Chemical repellents and disinfectants used to protect against bee stings can irritate the skin. Frequent use of soap or detergent can strip the skin of its natural oils, contributing to dryness and the formation of eczema. This conference paper discusses the etiology, risk factors, clinical symptoms, and diagnostic methods of occupational eczema in beekeepers. It also focuses on preventive measures, including personal protective precautions, proper use of gloves and clothing, skin care strategies, and treatment methods. Finally, recommendations for preventing occupational skin diseases in the beekeeping industry are provided.