The Use of Lamiaceae Species in Landscape Design

Abstract

Rising temperatures and decreasing water resources due to global warming have imposed limitations on the selection of plant species used in landscape design. This study examines the botanical characteristics, ecological requirements, cultivation techniques, and landscape design applications of thyme (Thymus sp.) and sage (Salvia sp.), which are considered suitable for these conditions. Both plants hold a significant place among medicinal and aromatic plants and have extensive applications in the health, cosmetics, and food industries. Additionally, they are highly preferred in sustainable landscape designs compatible with ecological principles.

Thyme species, particularly adapted to the Mediterranean climate, thrive successfully in well-drained, calcareous, and sandy-loamy soils. Due to their high essential oil content, thyme plants stand out for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Sage, on the other hand, is a plant that adapts well to temperate climate conditions and has low soil selectivity. Moreover, sage is known for its immune-supporting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory components. Additionally, studies have shown that sage contributes positively to the nervous system by enhancing brain function and improving memory.

Thyme (Thymus sp.) and sage (Salvia sp.) support biodiversity by attracting pollinators and play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, the drought resistance of Thymus and Salvia species provides an advantage in xeriscaping applications. Their natural resistance to pests reduces the need for chemical pesticides, contributing to ecological farming practices.

In conclusion, thyme and sage species have great potential in medicinal, aromatic, and landscape applications. These economically valuable plants also provide significant contributions to ecological sustainability and environmental improvement. Given the increasing drought conditions caused by climate change, selecting plants that optimize water use will be a crucial strategy for future agricultural production and landscape designs. In this study, detailed visual models of landscapes incorporating these plants will be meticulously created using SketchUp and Lumion software.

Keywords: Thyme, Sage, Ecology, Cultivation Techniques, Landscape Applications, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Sustainable Agriculture, Xeriscape